Every year in April, friends, loved ones, and co-workers come together to help increase the understanding and acceptance of people with autism. Approximately 1 in 59 children is diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Boys are four times more likely to be diagnosed with autism than girls. If it is diagnosed early, improvements can be made with learning, communication, social skills, and brain development.
What is Autism?
Autism, or autism spectrum disorder (ASD), impacts the nervous system. Specifically, it is a developmental disorder that affects a child’s communication and behavior. In some cases, children with autism may show symptoms from birth; however, others may develop more noticeable signs as they grow older.
Furthermore, autism is known as a spectrum disorder because it includes several types and levels of severity. As a result, symptoms can vary widely from one individual to another. For example, common symptoms may include difficulty with social skills, repetitive behaviors, obsessive interests, and challenges with speech and communication. Importantly, each child with autism spectrum disorder has a distinct set of strengths and challenges. While some children are more severely affected and may require significant support with daily routines, others may need less assistance.
In addition, approximately one in 10 people with autism shows signs of savant syndrome—a condition once referred to as an “idiot savant.” In these instances, savant syndrome occurs when a person demonstrates extraordinary abilities, often related to memory. These abilities may include playing a musical instrument, performing rapid calculations, or memorizing maps, sports statistics, or historical facts.
What Causes Autism?
There is no one cause of autism. Research suggests that autism develops from a combination of genetic and nongenetic influences. Changes in certain genes increase the risk that a child will develop autism. If a parent carries one or more of these genes, they may be passed on to a child. The majority of these gene changes do not cause autism. Children born to older parents are at a higher risk of having autism.
Research shows that there is no link between childhood vaccinations and autism.
Treatment for Autism
Every child or adult with autism has their own unique challenges, and treatment should be tailored to their specific needs. Behavioral treatments may include speech and occupational therapy.
Many people with autism also have additional medical conditions such as sleep disorders, gastrointestinal problems, OCD, ADD, anxiety, and seizures. Addressing these conditions can improve attention, learning, and related behaviors. Medication is available. Speak with your doctor about the right treatment.
Pediatric Neurology
In June 2019, we will have pediatric neurology services.